One of the greatest joys I get from studying our local history is occasionally finding something that was nearly lost to time, some tidbit of information that adds to the broader story. The letter which follows is one of those random finds which actually holds quite a story if you pour over the details. I’ve owned this letter for a few years already but it is quickly approaching an anniversary of when it was written and I felt now was an appropriate time to share it.
With the second year of the American Civil War Sesquicentennial in full swing, we are now exactly 150 years away from one of the most horrific time periods that middle Tennessee and the Nation have ever experienced. Three of the top ten battles with the most casualties were fought in Middle Tennessee. At the Battle of Stones River there were seventy nine thousand soldiers and over twenty four thousand casualties. That’s nearly one in three.
After the Battle of Stones River, the Union Army occupied Murfreesboro and began building a massive fortification that was named after their commander, General William S. Rosecrans. Designed by Brig. Gen. James St. Clair Morton, Fortress Rosecrans covered more than 200 acres and protected vital segments of the railroad through Murfreesboro. It also acted as a trade hub to more swiftly distribute supplies to the ongoing campaigns nearby.
It is inside the walls of Fortress Rosecrans where the following letter was written. Richard S. Corle of the 1st Regiment of the Illinois Light Artillery was relaxing under a shade tree on the day of May 22nd 1863 when he decided to drop a line to his father Benjamin back home inOttawa Illinois. This letter was supposedly found in a barn in Illinois many years ago and it is in pretty poor condition. Some of the corners of the folded letter have been chewed which created holes in the unfolded letter. The letter is very hard to read anyway because most of the spelling is phonetic and/or misspelled. It took most of a day to transcribe it and I had to take some minor liberties with wording so that the reader can comprehend what the writer was trying to say. Some of the information that was lost to the holes is just impossible to assume but I have noted the holes in the letter as (missing) so you can try to imagine what’s missing.
Scroll down past the letter for photos of the original letter.
“
Head Quarters Camp Near Murfreesboro May 22, 1863
Dear Father & Mother,
It is with Joy that I seat myself this morning to answer you. I find loving letters which I received a short time ago and was happy to hear from you again and that you were in pretty good health. This leaves me in the best of health at the present time and I hope it may find you all enjoying the same blessing. I wrote to Billy last evening and this morning I am on guard and I thought I would write you a response in answer to the letter that I have, although I have no news to write of much interest to you. I wrote you a letter a short time ago and I told you all what was going on here in the sunny south in this neck of the woods every hour for there is not much going on at the present. We are laying in the shade most of the time and we drill about once a day if it is not too warm. I think we may be good hands to work on a farm if a fellow does not care what he says for the boys here are not afraid of work for they can lay down beside it and go to sleep.
We are on marching orders at the present and we may leave here before night and we may not go at all but I think perhaps we will leave here for a while. Our orders are to be ready at a moment’s notice. There were a great many cavalry that went out last night and we may go today or tomorrow. The news is here that part of Bragg’s Army is going to reinforce the Army at Vicksburg and if that is the case, Old Rosey (General Rosecrans) will move up on Bragg’s army. That might not be so but I think you hear of a lot more in this army before (missing) and the sooner the better for me for I think we have laid down long enough.
Pg.2
Well Papa, I am glad to hear that you are getting along so well with your work this spring and I hope you will bail a good crop this summer. That will help you along a good way. I would like to come home awhile this summer but it is impossible to leave here. If I can leave any time this summer I am going to see where Will Curiliffe raised and fix up his grave. That is if I can get a leave of absence that long. I will try for it after a little while. I suppose there are some guerillas in that neighborhood yet so it would not hardly be safe to go there at the present. I am very glad to hear that Billy is getting better. Perhaps he will be able to come to the company before very long. I hope so. Anyhow, if he is not fit for active services he will be sent to the convalescence camp. They send all unwell men there now. They will not allow any sick man in camp here in the field. It’s a very good thing that we had some men that was (missing) .Billy knows him. He was on my gun when he got his head hurt in the Battle of Stones River. Perhaps Billy saw him after the shell busted in his face. He went to the rear after that happened to him and he has not been good for anything since and I think he never will be fit for service any more for he will lose his nerve. The rest of the wounded boys have gotten pretty well but three of them are crippled. Adam Ehly is a cripple for he has lost two of his fingers. That will stop him from playing the fiddle. Chester Whitman is cripple. He has lost the use of his hands. Archy Dubois has lost part of his hand and cannot use it. Billy knows them all and remembers when they were all good. Me and the best of the boys have all gotten well, first rate. I tell you there will be a shower of cripples in this country after the war is over. I hope I may never have that happen to me. So far I have had very good luck but the next time may be my turn. If that is my lot I will bear it with patience.
Pg. 3
I suppose the time seems pretty long to you since we’ve been gone but it seems like yesterday to me. I can almost see things when I think about them and I remember the last week I was there and making that road there where I got the war fever. I feel thankful that I started at that time and I have never been home sick except for a day or two after I came to Bird’s Pointe. I found things all very rough there. It was not like they told me and if I had not been sworn into this company I would have went into the 11th Regiment with Captain James Coats. He wanted me to go with him from Ottawa but I soon got over that spell and when I was sick at Bird’s Pointe I never was homesick. Today I can say that I am glad I am in the (Lirves?). I would like to see my friends but if I was there I do not think I could be content. This life is a hard life to live but when I think what we are fighting for I am content. That is the Union as it should be and they had better set every slave free in the south. I am in favor of anything for peace but (missing). I am disgusted with some of the men in that neighborhood and I think if some of these soldiers were at home they would have to be careful how they talk. I have been asked the question frequently what I was fighting for and I think I have answered the question every time but today I am as good a democrat as I ever was. Well, I will leave that alone for this time. The weather is very warm here and dry and dusty. I suppose they are beginning to think about celebrating the 4th of July up there. That has not come to mind. Here they are thinking about something else.
Well Papa that was a pretty happy dream you had. I had one but it was not on that subject. I dreamt that I was in another big battle and taken prisoner. When I woke up I was hollering “shoot the sons of bitches”. My sergeant woke me up. He said I was making a great noise. I was fighting like the (?) and after I was taken prisoner they wanted to take my money and I was surely fighting them.
Pg.4
Well Papa, about that colt that the old mare had this spring, if it’s a good colt I will buy it and send you the money for it. You must tell me what it’s worth when you write again and make the thing safe then I will buy it for I want all the colts I can get. I have not much money at the present time but by the time you write to me again perhaps I will have some. You must ask some of the neighbors what it is worth and I will pay you what it is worth. I will not send you my note but I will send you money and you may send me your receipt or put it in some man’s hands so it will be safe. I cannot send you any money at the present or I would send it. Tell me in your next letter what kind of colt it is. If is straight and wise and if I buy it (missing) don’t still come home for me and I will make it (missing) to be home sometime within 2 years if I have good luck. I am kind of sick of that country. I may not stay there long if I ever come back and I may settle there. I cannot tell what I will do or where I will go but I have a pleasing view that I think would suit me better than that. I will talk about that some other time. Tell Mary I will write to her tomorrow if we stay here but that is uncertain. Give my love to mother and all the rest. I will have to stop for my pen is miserable. When you write again tell me how you are getting along and how your grain looks. Tell Billy to put it through this summer and not let any of them boys to beat him, big or little. Give my love to them all. Receive the same yourself from your son,
Richard S. Corle, to his father Benjamin Corle, Ottawa, Illinois
Write soon and tell me how you like the letter I sent you.
R.S. Corle “
The soldiers mentioned in the letter were:
Richard S Corle (author of the letter), Corporal
Adam Ehly, Private
Chester P. Whitman, Sergeant
Archie Dubois, Private
William H Corle ( Billy back home), Private
James H Coats, Captain (Colonel by 1865)
Captain Coats was of the 11th Regiment
Everyone else mentioned were members of the 1st Regiment, Illinois Light Artillery.
According to my research of the Park Service website they did indeed move out of Murfreesboro shortly after this letter was written. Below is a list of their troop movements through Middle Tennessee.
Siege of Nashville September 12-November 7.
Repulse of Forrest’s attack on Edgefield November 5.
Lavergne November 7.
Advance on Murfreesboro December 26-30.
Battle of Stone’s River December 30-31, 1862, and January 1-3, 1863. Duty at Murfreesboro till June.
Middle Tennessee or Tullahoma Campaign June 22-July 7.
Occupation of Middle Tennessee till August 16.
Passage of Cumberland Mountains and Tennessee River and Chickamauga, Ga. Campaign August 16-September 22.
Compiled and deciphered by Bill Jakes December 2012